visited Jerusalem and contemplated the sacred at its many Muslim holy sites. During their pilgrimage itinerary, Muslims visited the Haram al-Sharif compound, the Muslim epicenter in Jerusalem, and its plethora of holy places there, including many important spots in the Dome of the Rock, al-Aqsa Mosque, and other sitesAdditional sites of interest in Jerusalem: Bible Lands Museum, Burnt House, Cardo, Christ Church Jerusalem, Church of John the Baptist, Church of James, Christian Information Center, Dormition Abbey, Wohl Museum, Hurva Plaza, Israel Museum, Shrine of the Book, Model City of Jerusalem, Little Western Wall, Lutheran …Access To Holy Places In Jerusalem Sparks Violence A spark for Israel's current violence is access to al-Aqsa Mosque. A look at failed efforts to share sacred places across the Holy Land shows why ...Here’s your ultimate guide to the Hindu festival of Holi along with some top tips and a guide to where you can celebrate Holi all around the world. Have you ever wondered why there...10. Dome of the Rock. Lying atop of Temple Mount, the Dome of the Rock sparkles in the sun and is recognized around the world. It is one of Jerusalem’s most famous landmarks. Built between 688 and 691, the temple is home to a slab of stone from which Muslims believe the Prophet Muhammad ascended to heaven.The veneration of holy places is the oldest expression of Christian popular piety. From Judaism Christianity adopted the idea and practice of venerating holy places. In post-exilic Judaism (i.e., after the 5th century bce), Jerusalem was the sanctuary and the centre of the Jews in Palestine and the destination of the pilgrimages of Jews of the ...Jerusalem: Holiest sites in the holy city. The Holy Land’s capital, Jerusalem, is the spirituality epicenter with countless religious sites sacred to Christianity, Judaism and Islam. 4...4. The Wailing Wall. One of the most known holy sites in Jerusalem is of course the Wailing Wall, a relatively small section of the Western Wall, connected to the Temple Mount. The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism, which regards it as the place where God’s divine presence is manifested more …Please see our top recommendations for amazing tours, top places to stay, best tour guides , and invaluable travel tips to maximize your time and money. More Israel pictures from Israel Travel Secrets. The most amazing Holy Land pictures and other Christian holy sites including beautiful churches in …Jewish cemetery on Mount of Olives (Seetheholyland.net) Until the destruction of the Temple, the Mount of Olives was a place where many Jews would sleep out, under the olive trees, during times of pilgrimage. During the Siege of Jerusalem which led to the destruction of the city in AD 70, Roman soldiers from the 10th Legion camped on the mount.Dec 4, 2018 ... The Holy Land's capital, Jerusalem, is the spirituality epicenter with countless religious sites sacred to Christianity, Judaism and Islam. Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls. As a holy city for Judaism, Christianity and Islam, Jerusalem has always been of great symbolic importance. Among its 220 historic monuments, the Dome of the Rock stands out: built in the 7th century, it is decorated with beautiful geometric and floral motifs. It is recognized by all three religions as the ... Palestinians clashed with Israeli police at the Al-Aqsa mosque compound in Jerusalem before dawn on Friday as thousands gathered for prayers during the holy month of Ramadan. Medics said that at ...More than 5,000 years old, Jerusalem is an epicenter of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The city is rich with holy sites, including the biblical locations of Bethlehem, Nazareth, and the Sea of Galilee. To make the most of your visit, see below for some of Jerusalem’s most sacred destinations. Jerusalem became spiritualized and delocalized in the early Christian context and therefore among its many derivative expressions. It is a "new Jerusalem" ( Rv. 3:12), a "heavenly Jerusalem" ( Gal. 4:26, Heb. 12:22), detached from the essentially defiling nature of physicality. Similar to Christianity, the expressions of Judaism that emerged ... Whereas the conflict over Palestine’s’ holy places and their role in forming Israeli or Palestinian national identity is well studied, this article brings to the fore an absent perspective. It shows that in the first half of the 20th century Muslims and Jews in Jerusalem shared holy sites, religious beliefs and feasts. …Jesus Enters Jerusalem. The story of Palm Sunday is told in all four Gospels of the New Testament: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. According to the Bible, Jesus rode …To summarize, you can wear shorts in Jerusalem but not in the holy places. If you plan to visit the Western Wall, Temple Mount, the churches of the Old City, some of the city’s synagogues, or the Ultra-Orthodox neighborhoods – you should cover your knees and shoulders, both men and women. If it’s hot outside, you can bring a shawl or a ...The Edicule of the Holy Sepulchre (The Tomb of Christ) in the Christian Quarter of Jerusalem in 2005, with the dome of the rotunda visible above. Map of the Christian Quarter of Jerusalem. (Click to expand.) Located in the Christian Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem, the Edicule, also known as the Tomb of Christ, within the …Western Wall. The Western Wall (Hebrew: הַכּוֹתֶל הַמַּעֲרָבִי, romanized: HaKotel HaMa'aravi, lit. 'the western wall', often shortened to the Kotel or Kosel), known in the West as the Wailing Wall, and in Islam as the Buraq Wall (Arabic: حَائِط ٱلْبُرَاق, Ḥā'iṭ al-Burāq ['ħaːʔɪtˤ albʊ'raːq]), is a portion of ancient limestone wall in the Old ...The conquest of Jerusalem by Babylon is a significant event in history that has left a lasting impact on the region. This pivotal moment marked the end of the Kingdom of Judah and ...The period of the Holy Week and Easter in Jerusalem is a great draw for Christian pilgrims in the city as well as for throngs of international visitors. One of the most popular events is the re-enactment of Jesus’ entry into Jerusalem on Palm Sunday, right before Easter. Thousands gather at the Franciscan Church of Bethphage located on the ...Jul 31, 2017 · Spaces in holy places. For billions of worshippers across the globe – whether Jewish, Christian or Muslim – Jerusalem is a sacred and holy space. It is regarded as the city of peace. For ... This is a beautiful tour of all the holy sites in Jerusalem using a drone and walking media, along with pleasant narration and music. DONATE: https://www.pay...To summarize, you can wear shorts in Jerusalem but not in the holy places. If you plan to visit the Western Wall, Temple Mount, the churches of the Old City, some of the city’s synagogues, or the Ultra-Orthodox neighborhoods – you should cover your knees and shoulders, both men and women. If it’s hot outside, you can bring a shawl or a ...Pierbattista Pizzaballa, the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem, Second from the left, walks in a procession during the Palm Sunday Mass in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, …The vast plaza overlooking Jerusalem's Old City, with the Dome of the Rock and the Al-Aqsa Mosque, is an important holy site for Christians as well. Until its destruction by the Romans in A.D. 70 ...Jan 19, 2023 · Since it swept the Jordanians out of East Jerusalem in 1967, Israel has had the upper hand over the people, land and holy sites in the occupied territory, including Al-Aqsa Mosque, the third ... One of the most fiercely contested places on Earth, Jerusalem is home to many of Christianity’s, Islam’s and Judaism’s most important holy sites; the wealth of …Jerusalem's al-Aqsa Mosque is the third-holiest site in Islam, drawing tens of thousands of pilgrims from across Palestine and the wider Muslim world each year. ... pilgrimages to the Muslim holy ...March 25. The Temple Mount in Jerusalem is a holy site for the world’s three monotheistic religions, especially Judaism and Islam. As such, it’s a religious and political …Jerusalem - Jews, Muslims, Christians: Because Jerusalem is a holy city, uniquely revered by the three major monotheistic religions, its people have traditionally been classified according to religious affiliation. A majority of the city’s residents are either secular or traditional Jews. Muslims are the most homogeneous of the …The Crusades were a series of holy wars fueled by two major causes: the Pope’s desire to expand the Holy Roman Empire and the reclamation of the Holy Land. In the 11th century, Chr...When visiting the Old City, one of the most well-known and visited historical sites is the Western Wall, which is the only remaining part of the Second Temple and is … To get a sense of the scale, consider that the Kotel, the famous Western Wall that is a central Jewish holy site, is what remains of just a piece of the western side of the retaining wall built around the Temple Mount. The Western Wall in Jerusalem. (Photo by Anton Mislawsky) 7. The Temple was messy — and smelly Jerusalem received special recognition in Canon VII of Nicaea in 325, without yet becoming a metropolitan see. The traditional founding date for the Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre (which guards the Christian holy places in the Holy Land) is 313 which corresponds with the date of the Edict of Milan which legalized Christianity …The Aqsa Mosque (Arabic: جامع الأقصى, romanized: Jāmiʿ al-Aqṣā, lit. 'congregational mosque of Al-Aqsa'), also known as the Qibli Mosque or Qibli Chapel (المصلى القبلي, al-muṣallā al-qiblī, lit. 'prayer hall of the qibla (south)'), is the main congregational mosque or prayer hall in the Al-Aqsa mosque compound in the Old City of …The Old City is home to some of the most important Christian sites in the world, including the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, the Via Dolorosa, and the Western Wall. These sites are all within walking distance of each other, making it easy to explore them all in one day. The Church of All Nations, also called the Basilica of Agony, overlooks the ... Western Wall. The Western Wall (Hebrew: הַכּוֹתֶל הַמַּעֲרָבִי, romanized: HaKotel HaMa'aravi, lit. 'the western wall', often shortened to the Kotel or Kosel), known in the West as the Wailing Wall, and in Islam as the Buraq Wall (Arabic: حَائِط ٱلْبُرَاق, Ḥā'iṭ al-Burāq ['ħaːʔɪtˤ albʊ'raːq]), is a portion of ancient limestone wall in the Old ... The most straightforward choice is a lookout from the Mount of Olives. It was obviously named after the olives trees that were covering its slopes long time ago ...Oct 3, 2018 · Along the boundaries of West Bank in modern-day Israel lies Jerusalem, one of the oldest cities in the world. It is home to the three Abrahamic religious groups of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. Remarkable holy sites of Christian faith include the Hill of Golgotha/Calvary that is located outside the city walls where Jesus was crucified. Bethlehem lies 10 kilometres south of the city of Jerusalem, in the fertile limestone hill country of the Holy Land. Since at least the 2nd century AD people have believed that the place where the Church of the Nativity, Bethlehem, now stands is where Jesus was born. 1. The Wailing Wall - The Kotel. No visit to Jerusalem is complete without a visit to the Kotel. Considered to be the holiest place for the Jewish faith, a short walk through the Old City of ... HaHummus Shel Tchina – Jerusalem Nissim Bachar 23, Jerusalem – hipster vibe and tasty hummus. Akramawi – Nevi’im 2 – Old City, Jerusalem – authentic hummus in the Old City. Aricha Sabich – Machaneh Yehudah 83 15, Agripas, Jerusalem – the best sabich in town inside Machane Yehuda market. Access To Holy Places In Jerusalem Sparks Violence A spark for Israel's current violence is access to al-Aqsa Mosque. A look at failed efforts to share sacred places across the Holy Land shows why ... Jerusalem. Map: 31°46'35"N, 35°13'48"E. Israel. Jerusalem at sunset from Mount of Olives (© Israel Ministry of Tourism) Jerusalem is revered as a holy city by half the human race. For Jews it is the city King David made the capital of his kingdom, and where the Temple stood, containing the Ark of the Covenant. For Christians, it is where ... Jerusalem received special recognition in Canon VII of Nicaea in 325, without yet becoming a metropolitan see. The traditional founding date for the Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre (which guards the Christian holy places in the Holy Land) is 313 which corresponds with the date of the Edict of Milan which legalized Christianity …Here’s how to take a walk through thousands of years of Christian history in one day: Half-day Walking Tour of the Old City, from $50 per person. Christian Jerusalem Day Tour, from $99 per person. Our 3 Day Christian Israel Package Tour, from $495 per person. Included in all Christian Israel package tours, from $809 per person.1. The 8 Gates of Jerusalem. 2. The Four Quarters of the Old Jerusalem. 3. Western Wall (or Wailing Wall) 4. Temple Mount & the Dome of the Rock. 5. Via …Jun 25, 2019 · For He is the One who hears and knows all things. (Quran 17:1) This night journey further reinforced the link between Mecca and Jerusalem as holy cities and serves as an example of every Muslim's deep devotion and spiritual connection with Jerusalem. Most Muslims harbor a deep hope that Jerusalem and the rest of the Holy Land will be restored ... It is one of the holy sites of Jerusalem, and a must-visit site when you tour the old city. The main mosque was built at the end of the seventh century after the Muslims conquered Jerusalem. The chosen location was at the same place where the Jewish Temple had been standing before it was destroyed by the Romans in 70 AD. At the base of the ...Holy Places of Jerusalem — Google Arts & Culture. Jews, Muslims, and Christians alike revere Jerusalem, one of the world's oldest cities. Join this Expedition to …The Old City is where visitors will find Jerusalem’s most fascinating historic sites such as the Western Wall, Church of the Sepulchre, and the Dome of the Rock. At just under one square kilometer (0.35 square mile) in size, this area is compact and easy to explore. The Old City is undoubtedly an amazing place to visit and stay in.Jewish cemetery on Mount of Olives (Seetheholyland.net) Until the destruction of the Temple, the Mount of Olives was a place where many Jews would sleep out, under the olive trees, during times of pilgrimage. During the Siege of Jerusalem which led to the destruction of the city in AD 70, Roman soldiers from the 10th Legion camped on the mount.According to the Bible and church history, at the Pentecost the 12 apostles and other Christians that were assembled in an upper room in Jerusalem received the Holy Spirit for the ... In addition, several holy places in and around Jerusalem are venerated by members of more than one religion. Prominent examples are David’s Tomb on Mount Zion, Samuel’s Tomb north of Jerusalem, Rachel’s Tomb between Jerusalem and Bethlehem, and the Tomb of the Prophetess Huldah on the Mount of Olives. Apr 12, 2018 ... The Temple Mount is the sacred site of the foundation stone of the earth. According to Jewish lore, the foundation stone is where God asked ...The Holy Places of Jerusalem's Old City are among the most contested sites in the world and the 'ground zero' of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Tensions regarding control are rooted in misperceptions over the status of the sites, the role of external bodies such as religious organizations and civil society, and misunderstanding …Nov 10, 2018 · The following list of popular holy sites in Israel and the West Bank covers the most important holy sites of Judaism, holy sites of Christianity, holy sites of Islam, and holy sites of Bahai’s Faith. The list wraps up 40 sacred places in Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Nazareth, Hebron, the Sea of Galilee, Haifa, Acre (Akko), and Safed. Dec 4, 2018 ... The Holy Land's capital, Jerusalem, is the spirituality epicenter with countless religious sites sacred to Christianity, Judaism and Islam. 9. Tower of David Museum of the History of Jerusalem. Highlights included the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Masada, and the recently excavated ruins at Magdala, which has... 10. Church of All Nations (Basilica of the Agony) This was the first stop on our tour, and it was a 2 for 1 special. This Document outlines the guidelines for a future arrangement on the Holy Places in. Jerusalem. A permanent solution for the ongoing problems is possible only ...4. The Wailing Wall. One of the most known holy sites in Jerusalem is of course the Wailing Wall, a relatively small section of the Western Wall, connected to the Temple Mount. The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism, which regards it as the place where God’s divine presence is manifested more …This is a beautiful tour of all the holy sites in Jerusalem using a drone and walking media, along with pleasant narration and music. DONATE: https://www.pay...Chapter One is based on my book Wars of the Holy Places, Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies and Hed Artzi, 2000, at pp. 370-383, and How Awesome is this Place, Carta Press, Jerusalem, 2006, at pp. 100-101, 110-124, 176-178, 200-210.; Josephus Flavius, Antiquities of the Jews, Book 15, Chapter 11; History of the Jewish War …1. Western Wall (Wailing Wall) The most holy site in Jerusalem is the Western Wall. It is a revered site for Jews due to its connection to the ancient Second …Jun 23, 2023 · When visiting the Old City, one of the most well-known and visited historical sites is the Western Wall, which is the only remaining part of the Second Temple and is considered the holiest of sites. The Western Wall was one of four supporting walls surrounding the temple an estimated 2,000 years ago. The original length and height of the ... Published 12:57 PM PDT, December 6, 2017. NEW YORK (AP) — Jerusalem holds deep religious significance for Jews, Muslims and Christians, heightening the stakes for President Donald Trump’s decision to recognize the city as Israel’s capital. Jerusalem includes the holiest ground in Judaism, the third …The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, also known as the Church of the Resurrection, is a fourth-century church in the Christian Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem. It is considered to be the holiest site for Christians in the world, as it has been the most important pilgrimage site for Christianity since the fourth century.. According to the Gospels dating back to 100 BC , it …The Mount of Olives. Head to the Mount of Olives for an unforgettable vantage point over Jerusalem’s iconic skyline. This famous place in Jerusalem offers …01:32 - Source: CNN. CNN —. Heaven and Earth are said to meet atop Jerusalem’s sacred mounts, but the city has also seen more than its share of brutality and human hubris. King David fought ...The NIV Holy Bible is a widely respected and cherished translation of the sacred scriptures. It has been embraced by millions of readers around the world for its clarity, accuracy,...Jerusalem - Holy City, Ancient History, Conflict: In December 1917 British troops under Edmund Allenby entered Jerusalem after the retreat of Ottoman forces. ... Nearly all the holy places of the three religions were held by Jordan. Access to these from west Jerusalem was possible only through a single point, known as the …The focal point of Christianity, Islam, and Judaism – the city of Jerusalem is undoubtedly one of the most sacred places in the world for believers. With a rich history that dates back to more than 5000 years, Jerusalem is dotted by religious sites including Nazareth, Bethlehem, and the Sea of Galilee, which are mentioned in the Holy Bible.The most sacred place for Jews. The wall is the western part of what was the temple of Jerusalem. This wall for the Romans, represents his victory over Judea, ...Apr 4, 2022 ... For most Christians and Jews, as well as many Muslims, a visit to the Holy City of Jerusalem is the dream trip of a lifetime. Judaism - Israel, Jerusalem, Holy Places: The land of Israel, as is evident from the biblical narratives, played a significant role in the life and thought of the Israelites. It was the promised home, for the sake of which Abraham left his birthplace; the haven toward which those escaping from Egyptian servitude moved; and the hope of the exiles in Babylon. In the long centuries following the ... The Temple Mount (Haram al-Sharif) The Temple Mount is a massive plaza of stone in the South East corner of Jerusalem’s Old City surrounded by date palms and cypress trees. Arguably the most holy …Each year, during Passover and Easter thousands of worshipers flock to Jerusalem's holiest sites.Unfortunately, this year that won't be possible so we're bri...The construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque (“the farthest mosque”) in 715 (some sources say 705) cemented the status of the Temple Mount as a holy site for Muslims. The place is identified as the furthermost sanctuary (Arabic, masjid al-aksa) from which the Prophet Mohammed, accompanied by the Angel Gabriel, made the Night Journey to the Throne of God (Koran, …Oct 24, 2023 ... This documentary offers a unique perspective on the spirituality of Jerusalem, emphasizing the timeless significance of these holy sites.
Learn about the most important Jewish holy sites in Jerusalem, such as the Western Wall, the Temple Mount, and the City of David. Discover the history and …. What's the score for the lions game
To get a sense of the scale, consider that the Kotel, the famous Western Wall that is a central Jewish holy site, is what remains of just a piece of the western side of the retaining wall built around the Temple Mount. The Western Wall in Jerusalem. (Photo by Anton Mislawsky) 7. The Temple was messy — and smelly40 reviews. 43 helpful votes. 7. Re: Dress code for women visiting holy sites in Jerusalem. 5 years ago. Save. Yona-- welcome to Trip Advisor and the Israel forum. I hate to be negative about your very first post, but your advice in incorrect. There is NO need to wear a skirt over pants. 1. The Wailing Wall - The Kotel. No visit to Jerusalem is complete without a visit to the Kotel. Considered to be the holiest place for the Jewish faith, a short walk through the Old City of ... A lovely suburb of Jerusalem, Ein Karem is home to the Church of St. John the Baptist, the Church of the Visitation and the small fount named Mary’s Well. Holy Land Christian Biblical Sites . From Jerusalem, it’s a short drive to Bethlehem, Jesus’ birthplace. In Manger Square, the Church of the Nativity, built over the revered site of the ... See ways to experience (208) 2023. 2. Yad Vashem - The World Holocaust Remembrance Center. 8,916. History Museums. Admission tickets from ₹924. The World Holocaust Remembrance Center is a 45-acre campus comprised of indoor museums, outdoor monuments, gardens and sculptures. Entrance to Yad Vashem is free. The Edicule of the Holy Sepulchre (The Tomb of Christ) in the Christian Quarter of Jerusalem in 2005, with the dome of the rotunda visible above. Map of the Christian Quarter of Jerusalem. (Click to expand.) Located in the Christian Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem, the Edicule, also known as the Tomb of Christ, within the …04/13/2023. Incidents at the holy site known to Muslims as Haram al-Sharif and to Jews as the Temple Mount have often ignited conflict between Israelis and Palestinians. DW looks at why ...With favorites like Western Wall, Dome of the Rock, and Church of the Holy Sepulchre and more, get ready to experience the best places in Jerusalem. Why trust us We scoured through the internet and read through 7 reputable sites and blogs like The Points Guy and Tourist Israel.Browse 38,685 jerusalem holy sites photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more photos and images. sunrise, western wall, large panorama, dome of the rock, temple mount, jerusalem, israel - jerusalem holy sites stock pictures, royalty-free photos & images.When visiting the Old City, one of the most well-known and visited historical sites is the Western Wall, which is the only remaining part of the Second Temple and is …Aug 4, 2015 · The quarter’s greatest attraction is Christendom’s most holy structure, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, built at Helena’s behest to sanctify the place where she – and subsequently billions of Christians – believed Christ was crucified and entombed. Top tip: Visit just after opening (5am summer, 4am winter) or in the hour before ... Day 1: Triumphal Entry on Palm Sunday. SuperStock / Getty Images. On the Sunday before his death, Jesus began his trip to Jerusalem, knowing that soon he would lay down his life for our sins. Nearing the village of Bethphage, he sent two of his disciples ahead, telling them to look for a donkey and its unbroken …Oct 1, 2021 ... The historic heart of the city is undoubtedly the Old City, surrounded by imposing walls. In less than one square kilometre you will find the ...Jerusalem: The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, The Church of the Holy Sepulchre on Via Dolorosa is one of the most important sites in Jerusalem and all of Christianity. The beautiful structure was built over the hill where Jesus is said to have been crucified. The elaborate interiors are one thing.Apr 4, 2021 · The holiest place in Christendom, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre can be overwhelming by its sheer presence, its ancient stone gleaming gold in sunlight. Faithful visitors jostle in the rotunda to touch the Stone of Unction (the slab where Christ’s body was placed and anointed prior to entombment) and to enter the burial tomb from which Christ is believed to have risen to heaven more than ... Since then, Jerusalem has witnessed the clash of empires and religions, as Jews have fought to preserve their holy sites. Even for non-believers, Jerusalem somehow leaves an indelible mark. With so much to tell, we’ve selected the 6 best Jewish sites in Jerusalem to uncover ancient Jewish history. Places where you can unravel the backstory of ...Bethlehem lies 10 kilometres south of the city of Jerusalem, in the fertile limestone hill country of the Holy Land. Since at least the 2nd century AD people have believed that the place where the Church of the Nativity, Bethlehem, now stands is where Jesus was born.The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, also known as the Church of the Resurrection, is a fourth-century church in the Christian Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem. It is considered to be the holiest site for Christians in the world, as it has been the most important pilgrimage site for Christianity since the fourth century.. According to the Gospels dating back to 100 BC , it …The suggestion of Borgehammar, , Holy Cross, 139 –42Google Scholar, and Taylor, , Christians and holy places, 310 Google Scholar, that she travelled together with Helena (see below), is unsupported by any evidence, and especially improbable after the family rupture in 326.The main Jewish pilgrimage site in Jerusalem is the Kotel, otherwise known as the Western Wall. Jews from around the world travel to the Kotel in order to lament the destruction of the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem and to place notes of prayer inside the cracks of its walls. The Kotel has been a place of Jewish worship for centuries, with the ....