How would you like if your neighborhood mom-and-pop store could also double up as an ATM? A Bangalore-based payments processing company has made that its mission. How would you lik...When I enter the ifconfig wlan0 up command it says: wlan0: ERROR while getting interface flags: No such device. Yet, this very machine used to run on wlan0 before i plugged in the ethernet cord. I do not remember any option to permanently disconnect the wlan0 hardware. And, when I use Puppy Linux, it does recognize and use wlan0.In Windows 11, select Start, type control panel, then select Control Panel > Network and Internet > Network and Sharing Center . Select Set up a new connection or network. Select Set up a new network, then choose Next. The wizard will walk you through creating a network name and a security key.root@raspberrypi0-wifi:~# ifconfig lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:80 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:80 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:6080 (5.9 …Sorted by: 1. Presumably something went wrong during an upgrade Run sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install --reinstall raspberrypi-bootloader raspberrypi-kernel will put it back to the latest supported kernel/bootcode. NOTE This may take a while - BE PATIENT until it finishes.Replacing the Incorrect Network Device Name. Once you have identified the correct network device name, replace “wlan0” with this name in the commands you are trying to execute. For example, if your network device name is “wlp4s0”, the commands would be: iwconfig wlp4s0 sudo iwconfig wlp4s0 power off> ifconfig wlan0 > wlan0: error fetching interface information: Device not found When I do ifconfig, it showed a docker0 interface which previously wasn't there. So I uninstalled …Ask Question Asked 8 years, 3 months ago Modified 2 years, 7 months ago Viewed 13k times 2 OS: Debian 8.2. There are two network cards: eth0 and wlan0. Here …Then you must see the WiFi interface wlan0, e.g. with. rpi ~$ ip -br link no matter if UP or DOWN. If you don't see it then it is very likely that you have a problem with your hardware. I see no way to repair it. Just purchase a USB/WiFi dongle and you can still use your RasPi. That dongles are not very expensive. Share. Follow edited Jan 31, 2021 …Are you new to the world of podcasts and wondering how to get started? Don’t worry, we’ve got you covered. In this step-by-step guide, we will walk you through the process of liste...How can you put a permanent software block to the given wifi -device in Ubuntu 11.10 at each startup such that other programs such as Network manager do not change it? There is probably a file which permissions are only needed to be changed to 700 to disallow for example Network Manager to reach the device wlan0.What device did Douglas Engelbart invent? Find out what famous invention Douglas Engelbart is known for. Advertisement In 1963, there was no Internet, computers were anything but p...Sep 13, 2012 · no, wlan is a category, a windows adapter is named something like : " Connexion réseau sans fil". use : netsh wlan show interfaces to get the names of the network cards. you can rename them btw. – Michel. Sep 13, 2012 at 10:21. After you have the device name, run something like station wlan0 scan to have the device scan for networks. You can then list these networks by running station wlan0 get-networks. After you've found the network you intend to connect to, run station wlan0 connect Router123, replacing Router123 with the name of the network. Put the name of the …2. I am unable to connect to a wireless network in Debian Linux. I begin by typing the following command: iwconfig. This is my output: wlan0 IEEE 802.11abgn ESSID:off/any. Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=0 dBm. Retry short limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off. Encryption key:off.By default, NetworkManager manages all devices except the loopback ( lo) device. However, you can configure NetworkManager as unmanaged to ignore certain devices. With this setting, you can manually manage these devices, for example, using a script. 15.1. Permanently configuring a device as unmanaged in NetworkManager.Aug 22, 2022 · Linux systems use two different styles of naming the network interfaces. The first style is the old-style name, such as eth0, eth1, and wlan0. The new ones are based on hardware locations like enp3s0 and wlp2s0. So, we can use the ls command and the sys file system to quickly list the available network interfaces. Re: [SOLVED] wlan0: unknown interface: No such device Hi poyagh, welcome to Arch. This is an ancient thread, and is probably not relevant to your current problem.Get a virtual cloud desktop with the Linux distro that you want in less than five minutes with Shells! With over 10 pre-installed distros to choose from, the worry-free installation life is here! Whether you are a digital nomad or just looking for flexibility, Shells can put your Linux machine on the device that you want to use.When setting the channel to wlan0, I get an error: SET failed on device wlan0 ; Device or resource busy. I tried to shutdown wlan0 by: sudo ifconfig wlan0 down and wlan0 did not appear in theWhen I do run ifconfig I can find the wlan0 device. Before I never had a wifi problem until I connected the Raspberry Pi to my TV through the HDMI port. ... Pi however is showing: No wireless interfaces found. When I hover the network icon, I can see the wlan0 saying that wlan0 is not associated. I tried disabling the Power management with the ...I want to be able to use ettercap on my wlan0 to sniff for packets in my wsl2.This was the tutorial I used to install my WSL. ... As a result, according to WSL 2, you don't have a wireless card, you have a standard boring Ethernet device, which is, in all likelihood, on its own subnet. This is one of those things that you probably just can't do on …this card is also in the list of supported devices, so i installed Debian, installed the iwlwifi module. that enabled the 'Wireless' tab at the network manager. But iwconfig tells me that there is no wlan0 interface found. so i ran lspci -nn | grep Wireless on the debian terminal and it stated: (see the difference to the numbers in the ...Here you have to type a command so that your devices will be running services staff which will be. found in the section of the command and you can also see in the photo. Kali Linux – Start the Device Services.The command that you are trying airmon-ng start eth1 is trying to turn on monitor mode for eth1, which is an Ethernet interface, not your wireless interface, so it will not work. You need to use airmon-ng for your wireless interface. Your wireless interface is usually wlan0. To find out the exact name of your wireless interface, you can execute ...auto wlan0 #change this to the name of your WiFi interface iface wlan0 inet dhcp #this is normally fine, if you want a static IP address replace “dhcp” with “static” netmask 255.255.255.0 #change this as appropriate for your network, this value is usually right gateway 192.168.1.1 #change this as appropriate for your network address 192.168.1.100 …To get sound out of your computer, you need to install sound devices and sound device drivers. This is how you help Windows Media Player pump out good audio. By Lucosi Fuller To g...THIS IS THE LINK MAKE SURE YOU DO IT INSIDE YOU KALI OPERATING SYSTEM http://linuxwireless.sipsolutions.net/download/compat-wireless-2.6/compat-wireless-2010...Then you must see the WiFi interface wlan0, e.g. with. rpi ~$ ip -br link no matter if UP or DOWN. If you don't see it then it is very likely that you have a problem with your hardware. I see no way to repair it. Just purchase a USB/WiFi dongle and you can still use your RasPi. That dongles are not very expensive. Share. Follow edited Jan 31, 2021 …For raspbian, the wlan number is set based on the mac address of the wireless device (in this case, whichever one is plugged into the USB port). It allocates numbers (wlan0, wlan1, etc.) based on the order it first sees a new mac address when it recognizes and configures the wireless device. Editing this file as you suggest allows …Feb 26, 2021 · Step 1: Identify Your Available Network Devices. First, we need to identify the network devices that we are going to use to connect to our wifi network. We can list our interfaces with the ip command: $ ip a. Or. $ iwconfig. Looking at the output of the latter, we should find a similar section in its output : wlan0 IEEE 802.11 ESSID:off/any. How can you put a permanent software block to the given wifi -device in Ubuntu 11.10 at each startup such that other programs such as Network manager do not change it? There is probably a file which permissions are only needed to be changed to 700 to disallow for example Network Manager to reach the device wlan0. Linux Can't Detect Wllan0. I Can't Connect To Wifi When I Type ifconfig wlan0 up it shows wlan0: ERROR while getting interface flags: No such device i tried solutions like re-installing firmware-b43-installer , installing wicd downloading Broadcom packages But it Doesn't seem to work. I Have a Breadcom bcm43142 and when I Type ifconfig it shows. I am encountering an issue attaching a usb wireless nic to a lxd container. I’m tired of it, Who can help me! Thanks! My laptop: ManjaroLinux 19.0.2 LXD 4.0 installed via snap User account yuanfh in sudo and lxd group $ lsusb Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 004: ID 04ca:0061 Lite-On Technology …What is wlan0 called on Windows? Ask Question. Asked 11 years, 6 months ago. Modified 11 years, 6 months ago. Viewed 26k times. 2. I need to use some console …But one of the most effective tools is Wireless Network Watcher (WNW) from NirSoft. The software scans the network you're connected to and returns a list of devices …Description. This script can be used to enable monitor mode on wireless interfaces. It may also be used to kill network managers, or go back from monitor mode to managed mode. Entering the airmon-ng command without parameters will show the interfaces status.Timed out waiting for device sys-subsystem-net-devices-wlan0.device. Leading to its failure to start, and therefore the failure of the device to show up. Without a device for netctl to start on, it cannot actually start, …Could not set interface wlan0 flags (UP) : No such device nl80211: could not set interface wlan0 UP WEXT: Could not set interface wlan0 UP wlan0: failed to initialize driver interface failed ip link shows the device is there (and is indeed DOWN), and systemctl shows the bcm4311 modules are loaded and running. I tried ip link wlan0 up and got an …May 1, 2020 · Try the following as root ip link set wlan0 up (or prepend sudo if you are non-root). Third, it seems that you are missing some firmware. Run dmesg in your terminal. All kernel messages will show up and you will need to find for hints on missing firmware related to your wireless card. Nov 25, 2018 · wlan0 is an interface created by interfaces, in /etc/network/. The device itself is a contruct of the firmware that is loaded, for said interface. I say this because wlan0 is not the location of the actual hardware. Emulators are pieces of software that typically replicate hardware functionality in a digital environment. Receive Stories from @wxaith Publish Your First Brand Story for FREE. Cli...Try running this: sudo airmon-ng. It shows the following on my device: PHY Interface Driver Chipset. phy0 wlp1s0 ath9k Qualcomm Atheros QCA9565 / AR9565 Wireless Network Adapter (rev 01) Here you can see that my device's interface is wlp1s0 and you can start it like this: sudo airmon-ng start wlp1s0.I noticed that when I booted my second raspberry pi it says:"failed to start wlan0" and "wlan0:no such device" lsusb: Device002:Standard Microsystem Corp. Device001:Linux foundation 2.0 root hub Device003:Standard Microsystem Corp. Device004:USB port HUB Device005:Realtek Semiconductor Corp. Device006:SiGma Micro HID controller.The first step in resolving the “wlan0 No such device” error involves identifying the correct network device name. This can be achieved using the ifconfig …As a parent, the list of things you need to teach your kids is a mile long. Here are 4 devices to teach kids goal setting and task management. * Required Field Your Name: * Your E-...tiwlan0 is the name of the wi-fi network interface on the device. This is generic command for getting ipaddress, adb shell netcfg It will output like this. ... It's 'wlan0' for the regular wi-fi connection: adb shell ifconfig wlan0 – Brent Faust. Jul 3, 2014 at 20:06. 1. ifconfig not available (Cyanogen 13, Nexus 5). 2. netcfg needs root. use ip command, it's part of …Description. This script can be used to enable monitor mode on wireless interfaces. It may also be used to kill network managers, or go back from monitor mode to managed mode. Entering the airmon-ng command without parameters will show the interfaces status.By skimming through the output I don't see anything relevant. – mbuil. Oct 24, 2019 at 13:07. 1. Run sudo apt update && sudo apt dist-upgrade -y that will get new firmware for the WiFi chip. Try downloading a fresh copy of plain Raspbian or plain Raspbian Lite, write that to a new SDCard and boot it.Feb 24, 2010 ... ... device (eth0, wlan0) is not present. This is mostly caused by missing firmware (for wlan devices). See dmesg output for details. I've tried ...The sensor is connected through the ethernet port of the raspi and is set the a fixed ip (eth0 = 192.168.6.2) The laptop is connected through the wifi of the raspi and is also set to an fixed ip (wlan0- 192.168.6.1) I have been reading about bridging and routing and if I understood it right you use bridging to connect different subnets, while ...The first step in resolving the “wlan0 No such device” error involves identifying the correct network device name. This can be achieved using the ifconfig …A wireless local-area network (WLAN) is a group of colocated computers or other devices that form a network based on radio transmissions rather than wired connections. A Wi-Fi network is a type of WLAN; anyone …Feb 16, 2015 · capabilities: ethernet physical wireless. configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rt2800usb driverversion=3.0.0-16-server. firmware=0.29 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn. nl80211 driver initialization failed. ssid=Home. interface=wlan0 # The interface name of the card. #driver=rt2800usb. driver=nl80211. Sort by: Add a Comment. northivanastan. • 3 yr. ago. wlan0 refers to a wireless network interface of your PC, which usually means a card installed inside your PC that is used to connect to a network. Simple_Funny_3085. 2022-05-27 07:31 AM. As stated, this device read only connected to my network. I searched the MAC address of 18:69:D8:4F:78:2B and it says manufactured by Tuya. I have no clue what this device is though. Any insight would be appreciated. Message 1 of 10. 1 person had this problem.Jan 19, 2020 ... Slow internet and slow wifi speed can occur when someone gobbles up all your bandwidth! Today, I am going to show you how to identify who ...Jul 22, 2023 · Step 1: Ensure your wireless network adapter wlan0 is up before running any commands. You can do this with the command sudo ifconfig wlan0 up. Here, sudo gives you superuser privileges, ifconfig is the command to configure a network interface, and wlan0 up brings the wlan0 interface up. Step 2: Set the adapter to monitor mode with sudo iwconfig ... Jun 16, 2018 · alimp5 on Jun 16, 2018. root@kali: airodump-ng wlan0 or root@kali: airodump-ng wlan0mon ARP linktype is set to 1 (Ethernet) - expected ARPHRD_IEEE80211, ARPHRD_IEEE80211_FULL or ARPHRD_IEEE80211_PRISM instead. Make sure RFMON is enabled: run 'airmon-ng start wl... In Windows 11, select Start, type control panel, then select Control Panel > Network and Internet > Network and Sharing Center . Select Set up a new connection or network. Select Set up a new network, then choose Next. The wizard will walk you through creating a network name and a security key.Wired: Shows only network devices that are wired to the router. Wireless: Shows only network devices that are wirelessly connected to the router . 4-2 Click on the MAC address and it will display the detailed information, as shown in the picture below. MAC Address: The MAC address of this device is 04:XX:XX:XX:XX:76.1 Answer. Installing the needed firmware and backports will enable Wi-Fi. These commands will work flawlessly on Debian 8 in Lenovo Ideapad 500S-14ISK. Grab the firmware from github and copy the files you need in the system folder: # assuming that you use your Downloads folder to store the files needed.THIS IS THE LINK MAKE SURE YOU DO IT INSIDE YOU KALI OPERATING SYSTEM http://linuxwireless.sipsolutions.net/download/compat-wireless-2.6/compat-wireless-2010...1. your Kali Linux system is running as a virtual machine not a physical machine and you have attached wifi hardware on host machine not to geust machine . so , you will not be able to direct access of wifi in guest machine. solution : connect to wifi on host system and then you have to create bridged or Nat to guest system to connect internet ... Linux Can't Detect Wllan0. I Can't Connect To Wifi When I Type ifconfig wlan0 up it shows wlan0: ERROR while getting interface flags: No such device i tried solutions like re-installing firmware-b43-installer , installing wicd downloading Broadcom packages But it Doesn't seem to work. I Have a Breadcom bcm43142 and when I Type ifconfig it shows. Aug 5, 2021 · Running Kali linux and ax210 intel wireless card. Installed the driver .59 ucode. Getting the following dmseg.... Saw some post about deleting the file iwlwifi-ty-a0-gf-a0.pnvm in /lib/firmware but... So if you had 2 wifi cards plugged in they would be represented by wlan0 and wlan1. There are some other naming schemes for wireless lan but that should …If wlan0 is missing, it means your system isn’t recognizing the wireless adapter, which could be due to a variety of reasons such as driver issues, hardware …Nov 3, 2019 ... Ubuntu: wlan0 No such device (2 Solutions!) Helpful? Please support me on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/roelvandepaar With thanks ... 2. Maybe the wireless killswitch is still locked. Then you could try to activate wireless with the help of "rfkill - tool for enabling and disabling wireless devices": sudo /usr/sbin/rfkill unblock wifi. after that you should check if your device appears via ifconfig -a. Also check the status of the killswitch using. Nov 15, 2021 ... How to Fix Kali Linux WIFI - wlan0 MISSING? ... Access Location, Camera & Mic of any Device ... Kali Linux Not Showing Wifi In VirtualBox | ...Jun 18, 2010 ... Under certain circumstances, you could also use wlan_kabel. It uses packet sockets to directly bridge wlan*-devices with ethernet devices.Feb 27, 2016 · These interfaces are of the same model. I'm using wlan-ap for hostapd, and wlan-connector to connect to my router for the solo purpose of running SSH and configuring the device to function as an Wlan AP. $ iw wlan-ap info. command failed: No such device (-19) I tried to use iw to find if the interface supports AP/Master mode. Re: [SOLVED] wlan0: unknown interface: No such device Hi poyagh, welcome to Arch. This is an ancient thread, and is probably not relevant to your current problem. 1 Answer. Installing the needed firmware and backports will enable Wi-Fi. These commands will work flawlessly on Debian 8 in Lenovo Ideapad 500S-14ISK. Grab the firmware from github and copy the files you need in the system folder: # assuming that you use your Downloads folder to store the files needed. Add a comment. 0. Run in an ADB shell: wpa_cli. It will open a new type of shell in which: Command help will give you all possible commands. Command interface will show you all your activated interfaces. Command interface_add will add a new interface to use, with following parameters. interface_add <ifname> <confname> <driver> …Mar 23, 2013 · Assuming you are unable/unwilling to physically disconnect the device, you should run (as root): iwconfig wlan0 txpower off. I would then wait 10-15 seconds to make sure whatever hardware issue has caused the problem has been stopped, then: iwconfig wlan0 txpower auto. Or, you can simply run rfkill and block/unblock your device. A digital device is an electronic device which uses discrete, numerable data and processes for all its operations. The alternative type of device is analog, which uses continuous d...Wired: Shows only network devices that are wired to the router. Wireless: Shows only network devices that are wirelessly connected to the router . 4-2 Click on the MAC address and it will display the detailed information, as shown in the picture below. MAC Address: The MAC address of this device is 04:XX:XX:XX:XX:76.If wlan0 is missing, it means your system isn’t recognizing the wireless adapter, which could be due to a variety of reasons such as driver issues, hardware …ip link set wlan0 up ip link set wlan0 down ip help ip link help ip addr help iw for wireless extensions (needs to be called as root): iw dev iw phy iw wlan0 scan iw wlan0 station dump iw help ifconfig and iwconfig are still supported with the appropriate packages, but some features are only available with ip and iw. Share. Improve this answer. Follow …What device did Douglas Engelbart invent? Find out what famous invention Douglas Engelbart is known for. Advertisement In 1963, there was no Internet, computers were anything but p...root@kali:~# airmon-ng start wlan0. Error: /proc must be mounted To mount /proc at boot you need an /etc/fstab line like: proc /proc proc defaults In the meantime, run "mount proc /proc -t proc" Requested device "wlan0" does not exist. Run /usr/local/sbin/airmon-ng without any arguments to see available interfacesThe built-in Wi-Fi device, wlan0, is not currently in use, so the state currently reads "disconnected". If your Raspberry Pi has a built-in Wi-Fi module, it should show up by default as wlan0. The first Wi-Fi module you connect should show up as wlan1, and subsequent adapters will display as wlan2, wlan3, and so on. Depending on your specific ...3.1. Install nmap. Let’s install nmap on a Linux system if it isn’t already installed: $ sudo apt-get install nmap. 3.2. Run the nmap Command. Then, let’s run the nmap command to list the connected devices in the wireless access point. We’ll use the -sn option in nmap to launch the ping scan.
Description. This script can be used to enable monitor mode on wireless interfaces. It may also be used to kill network managers, or go back from monitor mode to managed mode. Entering the airmon-ng command without parameters will show the interfaces status.. Wedding attire options
I've noticed that my wlan0 interface has power management on even when I am plugged in. I can turn it off with sudo iwconfig wlan0 power off, but it turns on again at reboot or when I unplug my laptop. How can I get power management to only come on when unplugged and turn off when I'm plugged in? Using Ubuntu 15.04 with KDE (Kubuntu).One can use ip address or ip addr command instead of slightly old ifconfig.If you know the name of your interface device, you can use ip addr show <device name>.Here's an example ( notice state UP part, which for disabled interface shows up as DOWN):. 3: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq …Virtualbox essentially NATs under the hood when you "bridge" on wireless devices for the reasons that I pointed out in several links and quotes and the wiki and other users. Bridging on wireless devices is fragile and often/typically not possible to begin with because of the wifi protocol - something you seem to be unwilling or simply incapable ...Nov 25, 2018 · wlan0 is an interface created by interfaces, in /etc/network/. The device itself is a contruct of the firmware that is loaded, for said interface. I say this because wlan0 is not the location of the actual hardware. Jul 6, 2018 ... Today we take a look at a vpn that will work with any device that has wifi or ethernet. The hidden router is pretty much plug and play and ...Cannot find device "wlan0" Ask Question Asked 7 years, 11 months ago. Modified 7 years, 5 months ago. Viewed 18k times 2 Trying to configure Wi-Fi and Ethernet on a headless Pi Model B ran the following to get what I think is the correct version of the Wi-Fi dongle driver. sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade sudo apt-get autoremove …3. I solved this problem by doing this , sudo apt-get update. sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer. if it don't work for you use this debian tutorial for enable wifi devices. adding something more -- actually I think I had some headers problem, So this type of commands for installing drivers won't help me.If wlan0 is missing, it means your system isn’t recognizing the wireless adapter, which could be due to a variety of reasons such as driver issues, hardware …What device did Douglas Engelbart invent? Find out what famous invention Douglas Engelbart is known for. Advertisement In 1963, there was no Internet, computers were anything but p...Run iwconfig to view your wireless interfaces and check their current mode. Run ifconfig wlan0 down to disable the network interface you wish to change, in this case it is wlan0. Run iwconfig wlan0 mode monitor to change the mode of wlan0 to "monitor". Run ifconfig wlan0 up to re-enable your network interface. You may need to run these …Alexa, Amazon’s virtual assistant, has become a household name for its ability to perform various tasks hands-free. The Alexa app is a free download available on both Android and i... I am not able to connect to my wifi as my wifi adapter is not getting detected. I have tried a lot of solutions online, but nothing seems to be working. I am using Ubuntu 16.04. > ifconfig wlan... root@raspberrypi0-wifi:~# ifconfig lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:80 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:80 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:6080 (5.9 …While the two devices are connected, go to the USB tethering settings of your smartphone. Most modern phones allow you to search for a specific part of the settings. Search it and go to USB tethering settings and enable it. ... logical name: wlan0. Step 1: The first step is to remove any broadcom drivers already installed on your system. Open a …Now since you are on the live iso, lets do the following: 1 - Do a clean boot. 2 - Connect to the internet through ethernet. 3 - Attempt connection with iwctl. 4 - Run 'systemctl restart iwd'. 5 - If still no device by iwctl do: "journalctl -b |& curl -F 'f:1=<-' ix.io".The first step in resolving the “wlan0 No such device” error involves identifying the correct network device name. This can be achieved using the ifconfig …Tour Start here for a quick overview of the site Help Center Detailed answers to any questions you might have Meta Discuss the workings and policies of this site About Us Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our productsWhat are IoT devices (internet of things devices)? Internet of things devices are nonstandard computing hardware -- such as sensors, actuators or appliances -- that connect wirelessly to a network and can transmit data.IoT extends internet connectivity beyond typical computing devices -- such as desktops, laptops, smartphones and tablets -- to ….